Verified65% confidenceOpinionExact time
The topmost layer of the AI industry's hierarchical structure is the foundation model layer (e.g., the GPT series, LLaMA, DeepSeek), the middle layer is the framework and middleware layer (e.g., LangChain, vector databases), and the bottom layer is the application development layer, analogous to the IaaS-PaaS-SaaS architecture of the internet era.
3
Sources
65%
Confidence
Long-term
Relevance
8/15/2026
First Seen
Sources
AI Agent开发进阶：三大主流框架实战全解析
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