GPT-4.1
An upgraded version of OpenAI's GPT-4 series language models, supporting tasks such as code generation and multi-turn dialogue. GPT-4.1 is integrated into the paid tier of GitHub Copilot, where it provides an unrestricted Agent mode for development workflows.
Core Facts
GPT-5.5是OpenAI于2025年中期发布的模型，相比GPT-4o在推理深度和上下文理解方面有显著提升
OpenAI's GPT series increments by integer version numbers (GPT-3, GPT-4) and uses letter suffixes to distinguish variants, such as "o" representing the optimized version (GPT-4o) and "mini" representing the lightweight version
On October 14, 2026, OpenAI added a notice to its deprecation page announcing that GPT-4o, GPT-4o mini, GPT-4.1, and GPT-4.1 mini will be removed from the API on January 14, 2027.
Timeline (last 90 days)
Inference energy consumption across different model and decoding configuration combinations spans from 0.79 MJ to 8.68 MJ, roughly equivalent to the energy of 250 to 2800 GPT-4.1 queries.
On Multimodal RewardBench 2, JEV-27B-VL averages 63.8 across four tasks, close to GPT-4.1 and Qwen3-VL-32B but behind GPT-5 and Gemini 3 Pro; its image editing score of 57.8 is a clear weak spot.
OpenAI's notice states that fine-tuned versions of these models follow the same retirement schedule as the base models, namely January 14, 2027.
On October 14, 2026, OpenAI added a notice to its deprecation page announcing that GPT-4o, GPT-4o mini, GPT-4.1, and GPT-4.1 mini will be removed from the API on January 14, 2027.
In HealthBench, doctors first wrote the grading rubric, and OpenAI's GPT-4.1 evaluator exceeded the average doctor's level on 5 of 7 topics.
Chroma's 2025 research tested 18 frontier models (including GPT-4.1, Claude Opus 4 and Gemini 2.5) and found that accuracy did not decline uniformly as input length grew, and that even a single distractor paragraph noticeably harmed performance relative to a cleaner baseline.
The author uses the GPT-4.1 model (also mentioning that 4.1 mini can be used) in this solution, called via an HTTP request node.
Merging the values of two columns of data into a single row in one column before passing it to the AI is easier for the model to align than passing two separate columns, reducing prompt interpretation costs.
An early LangChain user started using LangChain in the GPT-4.1 era, then spent two years building a proprietary TypeScript Agent runtime, and has now initiated a discussion on Reddit about Agent tech stack selection
Ringg claims that using GPT-5.6 can reduce costs by 90% compared to GPT-4.1.
3 more timeline events
All Facts (13)
GPT-5.5是OpenAI于2025年中期发布的模型，相比GPT-4o在推理深度和上下文理解方面有显著提升
90%VerifiedOpenAI's GPT series increments by integer version numbers (GPT-3, GPT-4) and uses letter suffixes to distinguish variants, such as "o" representing the optimized version (GPT-4o) and "mini" representing the lightweight version
75%UnverifiedInference energy consumption across different model and decoding configuration combinations spans from 0.79 MJ to 8.68 MJ, roughly equivalent to the energy of 250 to 2800 GPT-4.1 queries.
50%UnverifiedOn Multimodal RewardBench 2, JEV-27B-VL averages 63.8 across four tasks, close to GPT-4.1 and Qwen3-VL-32B but behind GPT-5 and Gemini 3 Pro; its image editing score of 57.8 is a clear weak spot.
50%UnverifiedOpenAI's notice states that fine-tuned versions of these models follow the same retirement schedule as the base models, namely January 14, 2027.
50%UnverifiedIn HealthBench, doctors first wrote the grading rubric, and OpenAI's GPT-4.1 evaluator exceeded the average doctor's level on 5 of 7 topics.
50%UnverifiedChroma's 2025 research tested 18 frontier models (including GPT-4.1, Claude Opus 4 and Gemini 2.5) and found that accuracy did not decline uniformly as input length grew, and that even a single distractor paragraph noticeably harmed performance relative to a cleaner baseline.
50%UnverifiedThe author uses the GPT-4.1 model (also mentioning that 4.1 mini can be used) in this solution, called via an HTTP request node.
50%UnverifiedMerging the values of two columns of data into a single row in one column before passing it to the AI is easier for the model to align than passing two separate columns, reducing prompt interpretation costs.
50%UnverifiedRingg claims that using GPT-5.6 can reduce costs by 90% compared to GPT-4.1.
50%UnverifiedThe MERIT experiment adopted a pre-registered 3-model × 3-random-seed grid experiment using GPT-4.1 and Claude Haiku 4.5.
50%UnverifiedThe research team spent $42.57 on large-scale experiments across 23,440 scoring episodes, using a pre-registered 3-model × 3-random-seed grid design involving GPT-4.1 and Claude Haiku 4.5.
50%Partially VerifiedOn October 14, 2026, OpenAI added a notice to its deprecation page announcing that GPT-4o, GPT-4o mini, GPT-4.1, and GPT-4.1 mini will be removed from the API on January 14, 2027.
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